Compete

Academic Coding

NACLO

North American Computational Linguistics Open Competition

Solve puzzles in languages you have never seen, with no prior linguistics knowledge required.

Run by NACLO, with Carnegie Mellon University and Brandeis University

Key facts

Eligible grades
Grades 6 to 12, primarily aimed at grades 9 to 12. The Open Round is open to all interested middle school and high school students.
Stated by NACLO host sites at the University of Maryland and Stanford. naclo.org's own front page describes the contest as for high school students, so middle schoolers should confirm their chosen site accepts them.
Source, checked 2026-09-02
Eligible ages
Not confirmed. This organiser may set eligibility by grade rather than age. We do not convert one into the other.
NACLO sets eligibility by school level, not age.
Individual or team
Individual
Where it runs
In person · United States, Canada
Entry cost
FreeParticipation is free thanks to sponsor support, confirmed by several host sites.
Registration deadline
Set locally, not published as a single national date 2027 registration deadline not published. Host sites set their own advance cut-offs a few days before the Open Round.
Competition dates
2027 dates not yet published. For reference, the 2026 Open Round was Thursday 29 January 2026 and the Invitational Round Thursday 19 March 2026, with the International Linguistics Olympiad in Bucharest in July 2026.
Difficulty
Some preparation neededYou will want a few weeks of targeted practice. Most motivated students place respectably.
Prizes
Recognition and selection for the North American teamsMedals and awards are given after the Invitational Round; no cash prizes are described on the pages checked.

What NACLO is

NACLO gives you problems written in languages you almost certainly do not speak, from Georgian to Nahuatl to invented writing systems, and asks you to work out the rules by pure deduction. No linguistics background is needed or expected, which makes it one of the most level playing fields in competitive academics. Top scorers advance to an invitational round and then to the team representing North America at the International Linguistics Olympiad.

How the competition works

Two rounds. The Open Round, held at a university host site or at your own school, identifies strong contestants who advance to the Invitational Round. Problems require no prior knowledge of linguistics or any language and are solved by analytic reasoning. The Invitational Round problems are harder.

Eligibility notes

Open to any secondary student in the United States or Canada. No linguistics or foreign language knowledge is assumed or advantageous.

Is NACLO right for you?

Experience needed
None. This is genuinely a first competition, and students with no linguistics exposure regularly outscore those who have studied it.
Time commitment
Ten to twenty hours of past-problem practice is enough to be competitive in the Open Round.
What you actually do
You sit alone with a paper of six to eight puzzles. A typical problem gives you twenty sentences in an unfamiliar language with English translations, then asks you to translate new sentences both ways. Everything you need is on the page.

A good fit if

  • You like logic puzzles and cryptic crosswords
  • You want a competition where preparation time is measured in hours, not seasons
  • You are curious about languages but do not speak many

Probably not for you if

  • Students who want a team experience
  • Students looking for cash prizes

Compare this against competitions matched to you

Common mistakes

  • Assuming you need to know the language. You do not, and recognising a word can even mislead you.
  • Not writing out the rule explicitly before translating. The problems reward stating the pattern, and several award points for the explanation.
  • Spending the whole session on the first problem. The papers are deliberately not ordered by difficulty.

How to register

  1. Find a host site near you on the NACLO site, or ask a teacher to register your school as a proctored site.
  2. Register online during the autumn window. Registration is free.
  3. Work through past problems, which NACLO publishes in full with solutions.
  4. Sit the three-hour Open Round on the scheduled date.

Register on the official site

What skills you need

  • Pattern recognition
  • Deductive reasoning
  • Working systematically under time pressure
  • Tolerance for unfamiliar notation

How to prepare

NACLO is almost pure practice. There is no syllabus to learn, so the entire preparation is working past problems until you recognise the recurring puzzle families: agglutinative morphology, number systems, kinship terms, writing systems, phonological rules. Twenty past problems is a serious preparation.

What to study

Morphology puzzles
Languages that build words from stacked affixes. Solve by aligning translations and isolating what changes.
Number systems
Base-20, body-part counting, multiplicative systems. Common and highly learnable once you have seen three.
Writing systems
Scripts to decipher, from syllabaries to logographies. Look for repeated symbols and word-length correspondence first.
Phonology
Sound change rules and their ordering. Write the rules formally rather than guessing case by case.
Computational problems
Some problems concern algorithms over language: parsing, encoding, ambiguity. These reward the same reasoning as the rest.

Full preparation guide, including a week-by-week plan

Recommended resources

Past problems and materials

Only materials the organiser or an authorised archive publishes openly are listed here.

Frequently asked questions

Do I need to know another language?

No. NACLO problems are self-contained and everything needed to solve them is on the page. Knowing the specific language would be a disadvantage, since the problems are chosen precisely because almost nobody knows them.

How do I take it if there is no host site near me?

NACLO allows students to sit the Open Round at their own school with a teacher acting as proctor. Contact the organisers through the site during registration.

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